COCOMO II l COCOMO II is a 3 -level model that allows increasingly detailed estimates to be prepared as development progresses Early prototyping level Estimates based on object points and a simple formula is used for effort estimation Early design level Estimates based on function points that are then translated to LOC Includes 7 cost drivers Post-architecture level Estimates based on lines of source code or function point Includes 17 cost drivers l Five scale factors replace COCOMO 81 ratings (organic, semi -detached, and embedded) Software Engineering SW Cost Estimation Slide 71. Software Engineering SW Cost Estimation Slide 58. The accuracy of the model can be improved by calibrating the model to your specific development environment, (which basically involves adjusting the weighting parameters of the metrics). The formula is based on the analysis of historical data. Costs are analysed using mathematical formulas linking costs or inputs with METRICS to produce an estimated output. Algorithmic Cost Modelling l l Most of the work in the cost estimation field has focused on algorithmic cost modelling. Estimation techniques l There is no simple way to make an accurate estimate of the effort required to develop a software system: Initial estimates may be based on inadequate information in a user requirements definition The software may run on unfamiliar computers or use new technology The people in the project may be unknown l Project cost estimates may be self-fulfilling The estimate defines the budget and the product is adjusted to meet the budget Software Engineering SW Cost Estimation Slide 45. Htm Software Engineering SW Cost Estimation Slide 36. Object Points (for 4 GLs) l l l Object points are an alternative function-related measure to function points when 4 Gls or similar languages are used for development Object points are NOT the same as object classes The number of object points in a program is a weighted estimate of The number of separate screens that are displayed The number of reports that are produced by the system The number of 3 GL modules that must be developed to supplement the 4 GL code C: SoftwareEngCocomoSoftware Measurement Page, COCOMO II, object points.
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